Besides that, the poet use personification which is one type of metaphor by comparing the buzz-saw action with human actions. This literally signifies the boy is being anesthetized during the struggle of surgery to save his life, but the dark symbolizes that he is dying. He uses metaphor when the doctor is trying to help the young boy, “The doctor put him in the dark of ether”. It is the same with the poem “Out, Out.” Frost still keeps his style of using metaphor in the poem. As an example, Frost is somehow comparing the enjoyment and freedom of childhood to the struggle and burdens of the life of adults, and in the poem childhood is preferred, “One could do worse than be a swinger of birches”. Furthermore, “Birches” is a metaphor for the stages of life. Frost compares the hard, iced over surface of the birch trees to enamel, “the stir cracks and crazes like enamel”. Like most of Frost’s poems, “Birches” used one type of figurative device, metaphor, in the poem to evoke mental images. This poem could reflect on World War I that robs and destroys children’s lives since Frost lived in the era of that war. And they, since they / Were not the one dead, turned to their affairs” to emphasize the reality that the ones not dead should continue to live. This speaker ends the poem with, “No more to build on there. The boy’s family needs to accept the reality that bad things happen randomly regardless of gender and age no one is to blame for the boy’s death. The young boy works as his responsibility to continue living in this world but ends up dying. With the same theme about reality and responsibility, “Out, Out”, is about a young boy who is forced to work at yard and eventually dies during his work. The speaker is forced to accept that reality, “But swinging doesn’t bend them down to stay / As ice storms do” (Lines 4-5). However, he needs to accept the reality that he is an adult and cannot leave his responsibility on earth. He wishes that he could swing on the birches as he did in his childhood and escape to heaven. The reality and responsibility themes appear in the poem “Birches.” Every time, the speaker sees the birches bend, he tends to think of a boy’s swinging on them.
“The Themes of Reality and Responsibility in Birches by Robert Frost”
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